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New Possibilities with BAAS , EV economics
I see BaaS creating new possibilities. It can reshape EV economics. EVs can be easier to buy. I have written about BaaS before. MG Windsor, Tata Tiago, Mahindra BE 6, XEV 9S, Hyundai Creta Electric, Kia Syros already implemented this. The idea is bigger than pricing. It separates the vehicle from battery. That changes the ownership equation. The upfront cost comes down sharply. Battery usage becomes a separate expense. For instance as per the news article, Mahindra's model sh
Murali krishna
Sep 241 min read


97% motor peak efficiency. Sounds excellent. But .......
The question is: How often does the vehicle Actually operate there? What if most of your drive cycle Happens far away from that operating point? For EVs, The better question may not be: “What's the peak efficiency?” It may be: “How efficiently does the motor operate in the real world?” I believe the efficiency map tells a much Bigger story than the peak efficiency number. Is peak efficiency becoming an overrated EV metric? Should we focus more on the efficiency map than the
Murali krishna
Sep 81 min read


I’m fascinated by Koenigsegg and YASA.Both push motor density differently.
Koenigsegg’s Dark Matter caught my attention. It delivers 600 kW peak power. And 1,250 Nm peak torque. All from just 39 kg. That means roughly 15.4 kW/kg. 🚀 I also came across the YASA motor recently. Its motor reportedly delivers 750 kW. The motor weighs only 12.7 kg. That means 59 kW/kg peak power density. But the numbers aren't everything. The architecture is equally interesting. YASA uses an axial-flux design. Dark Matter combines axial and radial flux. Dark Matter's mot
Murali krishna
Aug 251 min read


Same battery. Same motor.Very different EV performance. Why?
If an EV stops working, Many blame the battery. If efficiency drops, Many blame the motor. But one component quietly Decides how effectively The motor performs: The inverter. The inverter decides Motor current, energy conversion, Torque response, regeneration, and even How much heat the motor generates. The same motor can perform very differently With different inverter control strategies. Modern EV performance isn't just hardware. Control algorithms influence: NVH Efficiency
Murali krishna
Aug 231 min read


I didn’t expect this pollution imbalance:3% of total vehicles. 36% of PM emissions.
Electric trucks make even more sense to me now. I recently saw the Montra EVIATOR at an event. It made me think about one thing. Commercial EVs aren't Just about mobility. They're about impact. How important are commercial vehicles in controlling urban pollution levels? Recent CSE analysis for Delhi-NCR says: Heavy trucks and buses are only 3% of the vehicle fleet. Yet they generate 36% of vehicular PM emissions. Transport contributes 63% of NOx emissions in the region. A pri
Murali krishna
Aug 201 min read


Everyone wants lighter motors. I see the hidden design compromises. Agree?
Yes, Lower weight improves efficiency, Acceleration, and vehicle dynamics. 🏍️ But lightweight designs often Introduce new challenges: Structural Integrity concerns Manufacturing complexity Thermal limitations Cost pressures Let's dive deeper now. 🎯 Copper vs weight Reducing copper lowers Mass But can increase: Current density Temperature rise Copper losses Cooling requirements ( adds cost ) 📖 Take-away: Less copper can Mean more heat. 🎯Iron vs efficiency Reducing stator/r
Murali krishna
Aug 131 min read


Tata Nano failed as a car.Could it succeed as an EV?
I just read an interesting Autopunditz report. It hints at a possible Nano EV comeback. As a motor engineer, I find this interesting. With my experience in EVs for more than two decades, The Nano philosophy still makes sense today. Compact size. Efficient packaging. Low energy consumption. Simple urban mobility. Smaller batteries reduce weight and cost. Motor efficiency becomes even more critical. Thermal management must remain compact too. Lower weight reduces motor
Murali krishna
Aug 111 min read


I wasn't surprised by Bosch's new hub motor. I was surprised by what Bosch integrated.
Bosch just entered the hub motor market. That caught my attention immediately. In my recent post, I said system engineering wins. Bosch seems to prove that with their strategy. The new hub motor delivers 45 Nm. Bosch also targets 80 km range. Motor weight is just 2.3 kg. Multiple sensors optimize motor output. ⚙️ Electronic shifting integrates with motor control. That enables real-time drivetrain coordination. This is complete system engineering. Not just better motor enginee
Murali krishna
Jul 81 min read


I think the EV industry is slowly Shifting from a battery race to an efficiency race. This question captures that shift perfectly.
Suppose you have two choices: 🔋 Option A: Increase battery capacity by 10%. ⚙️ Option B: Improve drivetrain efficiency by 10%. Most EV discussions focus on batteries. But improving drivetrain efficiency often Delivers multiple benefits at once: • More range • Less heat generation • Smaller cooling systems • Lower energy consumption • Reduced vehicle weight A 10% larger battery may Increase range by roughly 8-10%. But a 10% improvement in drivetrain efficiency Improves range
Murali krishna
Jun 231 min read


I believe future EV buyers may start asking motor-related questions just like today's buyers ask about engines.
I believe future EV buyers may start asking motor-related questions just like today's buyers ask about engines. ⛽Yesterday: "How many cylinders does it have?" 🔋Tomorrow: "What type of motor does it use?" Is it IM, PMSM, BLDC, or SRM? ⛽Yesterday: "What's the engine capacity?" 🔋Tomorrow: "What's the motor efficiency?" ⛽Yesterday: "What's the mileage?" 🔋Tomorrow: "How much energy does the motor consume?" ⛽Yesterday: "How often does the engine need maintenance?" 🔋 Tomorrow: "
Murali krishna
Jun 121 min read


I often look at torque density numbers.But the real engineering challenge may be - Achieving them without magnets.
This rare-earth-free Axial SynRM looks practical 👇 We know that High torque needs rare earths. In my motor development experience, Material cost always becomes a bottleneck. For many EV manufacturers, Reducing motor cost is becoming As important as increasing efficiency. A motor that uses fewer critical materials could improve both profitability and supply chain stability. I was reading about the NAFTech project. Typical PMSM uses 20–30% magnet cost. Their SynRM reduces thi
Murali krishna
Jun 112 min read


750 kW, 94 kg delivering 8 kW/kg - Hairpin windings are redefining motor design.
Fraunhofer IISB’s aircraft motor proves it. I was reading this Fraunhofer IISB's Hybrid-electric regional aircraft motor. It built something impressive. The motor of 750 kW, 94 kg Delivering 8 kW/kg Typical EV motors: ~2–4 kW/kg Speed reaches 21,000 rpm. Torque is 350 Nm. Cooling uses direct oil spray. Rated at 65°C coolant. They used NO15 electrical steel. Thickness is just 0.15 mm. This reduces eddy current losses. Hairpin windings improve current density. Also improv
Murali krishna
Jun 102 min read


I see Tesla shifting from premium to scalable mobility.
Mass adoption needs optimized products, not oversized specification We know. Tesla cars still feel financially distant for many buyers. India, for instance, remains highly price-sensitive. Tesla’s next EV looks strategically different. Not bigger. Not faster. More optimized. The upcoming 4.3m SUV could change EV packaging strategies completely. A smaller battery means lower material dependency. A single motor reduces system complexity. ⚙️ Lower vehicle weight improves ov
Murali krishna
May 231 min read


I didn’t expect Tata Safari EV to target 627 km range.
Will Tata Safari EV could redefine family EV performance? Safari EV feels like a bigger challenge. Launching during India’s 2026 festive season. Expected range touches nearly 627 km. Three rows. More weight. Same battery pack. Larger EVs bring bigger engineering challenges. Aerodynamic drag and rolling resistance increase. Cooling, braking, and suspension need retuning. ⚡ Efficiency drops faster during city driving. 🚗 Thermal limits become more critical. Efficiency mapping
Murali krishna
May 221 min read


I never saw modular design this aggressively. 16% higher specific power. 20% smaller packaging. One platform. Multiple outputs. Better thermal performance.
I never saw modular design this aggressively. 16% higher specific power. 20% smaller packaging. One platform. Multiple outputs. Better thermal performance. Hyundai Mobis is turning EV scalability- Into an engineering advantage. Most EV users see battery capacity. But PE systems define driving experience. PE system means motor, inverter, and reduction gear. Basically, EV’s complete propulsion backbone. Hyundai Mobis now developed three architectures. 120kW for compact mobil
Murali krishna
May 101 min read


We know that High torque needs rare earths - What if we remove them completely?
We know that High torque needs rare earths What if we remove them completely? Yes, this Axial SynRM looks practical 👇 In my motor development experience, Material cost always becomes a bottleneck. I was reading about the NAFTech project. Typical PMSM uses 20–30% magnet cost. Their SynRM reduces this to near zero. First, why and what is a rare earth? Like neodymium and dysprosium. They give high magnetic strength. But prices are volatile. Supply chains are concentrated glob
Murali krishna
Apr 301 min read


The next big question in EVs: Lithium-ion vs Aluminium-ion?
The next big question in EVs: Lithium-ion vs Aluminium-ion? I believe the Aluminium-ion could be a game-changer — let’s explore why!👇 The EV industry is buzzing with speculation. Many believe Tesla is working on a “Super Aluminium-ion Battery.” While there is no official confirmation, the idea excites researchers and consumers alike. 👉 Why Aluminium-ion? Aluminium is the most abundant metal in Earth’s crust. It carries three electrons per ion (vs one in lithium). This means
Murali krishna
Apr 262 min read


30,000 rpm motors are not future talk. They are already entering mass production.
More speed. Less material. Better efficiency. 30,000 rpm motors are not future talk. They are already entering mass production. I came across this PUMBAA update recently. It got me thinking deeply. Most EV motors peak near 6,000 rpm. Beyond that, torque starts dropping. That limits high-speed acceleration. Now imagine pushing 30,000 rpm. System design changes completely. Higher speed means smaller motor size. Less copper and magnet needed. Even core material reduces significa
Murali krishna
Apr 231 min read


Everyone is focused on EV launches. Almost no one is talking about- What actually decides the winners.
Everyone is focused on EV launches. Almost no one is talking about- What actually decides the winners. Lately, I’ve been noticing a Silent shift in the EV space. From “launching vehicles.” to “building platforms.” Yes, you read it right The real game is happening At the system level. The focus is moving toward Scalable motor architectures, software-defined control, and data-driven improvements. Early architecture decisions Don’t just define performance— They define co
Murali krishna
Apr 191 min read


Fraunhofer IISB’s aircraft motor - 750 kW, 94 kg delivering 8 kW/kg with Hairpin windings.
750 kW, 94 kg delivering 8 kW/kg Hairpin windings are redefining motor design. Fraunhofer IISB’s aircraft motor proves it. I was reading this Fraunhofer IISB's Hybrid-electric regional aircraft motor. It built something impressive. The motor of 750 kW, 94 kg Delivering 8 kW/kg Typical EV motors: ~2–4 kW/kg Speed reaches 21,000 rpm. Torque is 350 Nm. Cooling uses direct oil spray. Rated at 65°C coolant. They used NO15 electrical steel. Thickness is just 0.15 mm. This redu
Murali krishna
Apr 132 min read
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